Therefore, these are not desirable when preparing, Flakiness index gauge also called thickness gauge, Elongation index gauge also called length gauge. If the aggregate is well graded, then the voids are minimum. This test is performed on coarse aggregates and is intended to determine the shape of aggregates i.e., rounded, angular, flaky, or elongated. The elongation index test procedure contains following steps. 4. After that, just we need to perform a sieve analysis test and shake all arranged sieves with help of a vibrating shaker and manually. Table 1: Limits of elongation index for different types of pavements (Source: MORTH), Fig 1: Elongation Index Metal Gauge Weighing Balance 2. What must be the maximum dry density of Granular Sub Base & Wet Mix Macadam used What is the Safe Bearing Capacity values for Different Soils? Elongation Index is defined as the percentage of the weight of retained aggregate on different sets (sets which represent 7 gaps of different sizes) on elongation or length gauge to the total weight of aggregate sample for test. 2. Now weigh aggregate retained on different sieve and note down the total weight as W1. The elongation index is found by separating the elongation particles and expressing their mess as a percentage of the mass of sample tested. The flakiness & elongation index test is connected as thickness gauge and length gauge respectively. Minimum 200 pieces of any fraction to be tested are taken and weighed properly. Percent Elongation = 100 x ( (Final Length - Original Length) x Original Length) Percent elongation is incredibly useful to determine the ductility of a material. This test is also applicable to aggregates having size larger than 6.3 mm. After the end of test, sieve should be cleaned by smooth brush. for determining elongation index test aggregates must be sieved using sieves with, d4791 10 standard test method for flat What are the different types of handrails used in bridges? Raft Foundation - Types, Uses, Functions, Advantages and Disadvantages, Flow Table Test - Procedure, Calculation, Apparatus and Advantages, Hydrophobic Cement - Uses, Properties, Manufacturing, Advantages and Disadvantages, Different Types of Steel in Construction - Properties & Characteristics, 10 Different Types of Forklift Trucks - Features, Uses and Safety Checklist. Note: Test can be 1. 1.1 This test method describes the procedure, us ing constant-rate-of-elongation equipment, for determining . Apparatus required for elongation index determination tests are: 1. FLAKINESS AND ELONGATION INDEX TEST STANDARD: IS: 2386 (Part 1) -1996 (RA 2011) This standard covers the method of test lays down the procedure for determining the flakiness index of coarse aggregate. You will receive a link and will create a new password via email. Expertcivil is the world's leading learning platform for civil & architectural engineers. The aggregate retained on 63mm and passed through 6.3mm should not be considered. Country Safety shoes must be used along with masks and aprons at the time of test. 3. \text { Elongation Index }=\frac {\text { Total weight retained on gauge }} {\text { Total weight on sieves }} * 100 Elongation Index = Total weight on sieves Total weight retained on gauge 100 Desirable values AIM OF THE EXPERIMENT: ASTM D5278 - 09 Standard Test Method for Elongation of Narrow Elastic Fabrics (Static-Load Testing) JLW Instruments 14 North Peoria St . Res/sir, Mechanical Tests for Bituminous Mixes - Characterization, Design and Quality Control E. Total weight of the fraction, W=, Therefore, Elongation Index = [w/W]x 100% =. Procedure For Elongation Index Test of Aggregate :- Sieve the aggregate sample with sieves specified in the given Table. Thanks, Your email address will not be published. For each group, take individual aggregate particles and pass them through the thickness gauge. The tensile testing would often take five minutes or less for the material to fracture. percent of the weight of the test sample. The aggregate passed through 63mm and retained on 6.3mm and its above sieves is taken along with sieves. Test sieves of sizes - 63mm, 50mm, 40mm, 31.5mm, 25mm, 20mm, 16mm, 10mm and 6.3mm. These particles are a source of frailty for an aggregate mix and therefore, they must be identified and discarded. Flakiness and elongation tests are not applicable to sizes smaller than 6.3mm. The test sample: normally aggregates sized 10.0 mm to 12.5 mm. Weigh the fraction of aggregates in each group that passes through the thickness gauge. Table 1: Dimensions of Thickness gauge Table 2: Dimensions of Length gauge Results: Flakiness Index of Aggregate Particles = . % As the pulling progresses, the specimen bar elongates at a uniform rate that is proportionate to the rate at which the load or pulling force increases. Reaffirmed Dec 2016 Comparing the stelar cells in the elongation and mature zones, hypoxia had no significant effect on Ca 2+ in the elongation zone of any genotype, but resulted in marked increases in Ca 2+ for stelar cells in the mature zone of aca11, with a 10.8-fold rise of Ca 2+ compared with the control and a 5.6-fold increase in cax11, while the increase . A flaky particle is one whose least dimension (i.e., its thickness) is less than 0.6 times the mean size of the particle. 2.6 Tensile index, the tensile strength in N/m divided by grammage. Each of these pieces is then tried to pass through specified gauge length with its longest side and these elongated particles which do not pass through the specified gauge are separated. The flakiness index of aggregates is the percentages by weight of particles whose least dimension (thickness) is less than 3/5 th (0.6) of their mean dimension. Now fill the aggregate in the mould along with the plunger on top. When you join you get additional benefits. . Sieve the aggregate sample into groups of closely limited particle sizes, e.g. Elongation index is more than 15% then the aggregate is undesirable for any construction work. CALCULATIONS Typical ratios are 2:1, 3:1, 4:1 and 5:1 (Figure 4). Nevertheless, a sample comprising flaky particles in a percentage greater than 30% is not qualified for the intended use. When you join you get additional benefits. Flakiness and Elongation Index (Shape Test) of Aggregates as per IS: 2386 (Part I) Objective: To determine the flakiness index and, To determine the elongation index of given aggregates sample. Firstly, take 1000 grams of aggregate sample and weigh it w1. the aggregates should be dried by heating at 100-110 0C for a period of 4 hours and cooled. The sample of aggregates to be tested is sieved through a set of sieves and separated into specified size ranges. And United Testing Systems offer advanced universal test machines (UTM's) and hardness testers to give you the answers you need. IS Sieves of sizes 25 mm, 20 mm, 16 mm, 12.5 mm, 10 mm and 6.3 mm. It tells me about the aggregate whose larger dimension is more than 1.8 times of their mean dimension. The gauge length will be 1.8 times the mean size of the aggregate. However, as per the standards implications, a maximum percentage of 45% elongated particles in the mix is tolerable. 1. For road constructions elongation index should be less than 15%. flakiness-elongation-index-test-procedure 1/1 Downloaded from avenza-dev.avenza.com on September 23, 2022 by guest Flakiness Elongation Index Test Procedure When somebody should go to the books stores, search launch by shop, shelf by shelf, it is truly problematic. Log in to TheConstructor to ask questions, answer peoples questions, write articles & connect with other people. In other words, the Total weight of aggregate retained on the elongation gauge is divided by the total weight of the aggregate sample and then multiplied by 100. Enter your E-mail address to subscribe. Join now! And for mixed aggregate(having flaking and elongated aggregate) then its permissible limit is 30%. mm, -& mm, '/ mm, '-". Now, the aggregate is selected on each size of sieves in a specific number and passed the aggregate (lengthwise) through the different sizes sets of a gap on elongation or length gauge. test instrument), and indicates the durability of paper when subjected to either a repetitive or dynamic stressing or . 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This test is not applicable to polymeric or bituminous geosynthetic barriers, but is applicable to clay geosynthetic barriers. For cement concrete structure, if used aggregate elongation index percent is more than its permissible limit then it is undesirable for any type of construction work. The aggregates passing through 12.5 mm sieve comprises the test material. It is mentioned in the test procedure (BIS/MoRTH) that while doing combined flakiness and elongation test, the flaky aggregates should be separated initially from the test sample, and the rest is . It is measured on particles passing through mesh size of 63mm and retained on mesh size of 6.3mm. The elongation index is the total weight of the material retained on the various length gauges, expressed as a percentage of the total weight of the sample gauged. To begin the tensile stress test, slowly separate the tensile clamps at a constant speed. seperating the elongation particles and expressing their mass as a percentage of the mass of sample tested.From the experimen, the mean elongation index is 26.0 (sieve 28mm) and elongation index is 22.4%.So we get 1.16 < 1.8.We can classify the sample as not an elongation sample. Free Download eBooks, Notes, Templates, etc. If the aggregate is using having more water absorption capacity than the 5-10% then it will reduce the strength and. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Join over 40,000+ subscribers. Elongation due to expansion can also occur when a material undergoes . Now we have specified size range for every particle. If the index values are less than the limiting values specified by the standard, the sample marked qualified for the intended use. Pass each aggregate particle separately through the elongation gauge and weight the fraction passing through the gauge. In this attempt, make sure the particles are not compelled to pass a particular opening of the thickness gauge. Aggregate Testing Equipment Gilson Co. 4. procedure. Affect on strength and durability when used for construction work: Also Read: How to calculate cement sand and aggregate quantity in concrete? 8. It is important to note that particles that are not able to pass through any slot or opening on the length gauge are the elongated ones. Formula for elongation index of aggregate: Where, Y = The weight of materials retained on specified length gauges and W = The weight of aggregate passing and retained on the specified sieves. Then the elongation index is calculated as the total weight of material retained on various length gauges, expressed as a percentage of the total weight of sample gauged. 1. Test procedure Given sample of aggregates to be tested is sieved through a set of sieves and separated into specified ranges of size. Aggregates for Concrete cedd gov hk. If the aggregate is poorly graded or uniformly graded, then the voids are maximum in that type of aggregate workability will be less. A material with a higher percentage is a more ductile material, while a material with a lower percentage will be more brittle. Country Calculations: Elongation Index= ( (Total weight of material retained on various length gauges) / (Total Weight of sample taken)) X 100 = (526/1150) X 100 = 45.7% Note: As per IS standard Flakiness & Elongation Index taste are not applicable when aggregate size is smaller than 6.3mm Elongation Index Test Lab Report PDF Calculations: 4. This particles shape of the aggregate mass is determined by the percentage of the flaky and elongated particles in it.Indian standard explain only the method of calculating Flakiness Index and Elongation Index.But the specifications do not specify the limits. Elongation Index = (Xg / Wg) x 100% You must log in or register to reply here. It's a business model that works as well now as it did 50 years ago, back when our early table-top hydraulic testers were gaining popularity. The table top is cleaned of all gritty material and is wetted. Page | 4 APPARATUS 1. Cumulate the percentage values to determine the flakiness index of the entire aggregate sample. The aggregate quantity taken for the test should be ample so that for each sieved huddle, enough aggregate quantity is available for the test. Therefore, the standard has levied some restrictions on the maximum acceptable percentage of flaky particles in an aggregate mix. Please enter your email address. Elongation index is expressed as percentage of weight of aggregates passed retained on the gauge to the weight of sample in sieves. The support may be either roller or hinged. The maximum permissible limit of the elongation index is not more than 15%. Each layer should be tamped 25times freely. Doing this may distort or break the particles, giving inaccurate results. ( In such a manner that the selected aggregate which is collected from different sets or sizes of sieve should be passed through the same size of a gap on the elongation gauge. Length gauge sketch 2. The portion of elongated aggregate which have length greater than the specified gauge from each range is weighed by weighing balance. After shaking, aggregate should be distributed on different sizes of sieves (in systematic arranges order) and weigh all the sieves one by one on which aggregate is retained. It has a possibility of breaking down the aggregate under heavy load. How do structural engineers assist in designing buildings that can withstand earthquakes? DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd, 60% found this document useful, Mark this document as useful, 40% found this document not useful, Mark this document as not useful, retained on the spe!i$ed set of siees is noted" Ea!h pie!e of these are, tried to be passed thro#gh spe!i$ed length of the ga#ge length %ith its, longest side and those elongated pie!es %hi!h do not pass the ga#ge are, separated and then the elongated index is the total %eight of the material, retained on the ario#s length ga#ges, expressed as a per!entage of the, )etal Ga#ge* The metal ga#ge shall be of the pattern sho%n in +ig"', Siees* IS Siees of sies -. Where W2= Weight of aggregates passing through 1.8 x dmean size its mean dimension then such type of aggregate known as elongated aggregate and elongated index is calculated by the percentage of the total weight which is retained on elongated or length gauge to the total weight of aggregate used for the sample. Aggregate quality for road construction will also influence the road performance. (Gap size is mentioned on elongation index apparatus). 2.5-2 in., 0.5-0.375 in., etc. In Elongation index, we generally check for the length of aggregate which is suitable for any construction giving proper workability, durability, and desirable strength. If particle retained on 10mm and passed through 16mm size is taken, then it should pass through 23.4mm length gauge which is 1.8 times the mean of 10mm and 16mm. COURTESY: AIMIL LTD, Fig 2: Diagram of Elongation Index Gauge Determine the individual flakiness index of each huddle by dividing the weight of flaky particles in each group to the total weight of aggregates in the corresponding group. This test is not applicable for the aggregate size of less than 6.3 mm. Purpose of the elongation index is to check the shape and size of the aggregate and whether it is suitable for work or not. Determine the individual elongation index of each huddle by dividing the weight of elongated particles in each group to the total weight in the corresponding group. Elongation value is 0% because the aggregate is rounded so no any retain value. 8.0 Conclusions The value that we get from this test is 15.1% for flakiness and not exceeds 20% the JKR requirement. If the samples distribution curve lies outside the extremities defined by the standard, it is said to be poorly graded. Checking Elongation Checking Flatness 5. In order to separate the flaky materials, the aggregates which pass through appropriate elongated slot of the thickness of gauge are found. Please briefly explain why you feel this answer should be reported. Each fraction is gauged in turn for thickness on the metal gauge. Minimum 200 pieces of any fraction are taken and weighed properly. Procedures. ELONGATION INDEX Take minimum of 200 pieces from each fraction and weigh (F). As a conclusion, the sample that we tested are not flaky and elongation, which is there are suitable to use in . If the samples gradation curve lies between the limiting curves plotted against the specified values given in the table, the sample is well-graded. A minimum of 200 pieces of any fraction are taken to be tested, and weighed properly by weighing balance. Quantitatively, a maximum limit of 30% flaky particles is imposed by the standard and is regarded as acceptable. Laboratory Tests For Determination of Strength of Rocks, Different Types of Slabs Used in Construction and Their Uses, Advantages & Disadvantages, What is Wood | What is Timber | Difference between Wood and Timber, Gable Roof Types, Advantages And Disadvantages, Stone Masonry Materials, Uses and Classifications, Difference between Spiral Column and Tied Column, Different Types of Plywood and their Grades & Benefits, New Rule and Regulations Affecting Construction, Civil Engineering Notes From Universities, Free Civil Engineering Magazines and White Papers, Civil Engineering Portal Biggest Civil Engineering Information Sharing Website. The other component of eEF1 is the eEF1Balpha, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor . Sorry, you do not have permission to ask a question, You must login to ask a question. TEST DESCRIPTION Typical Definition. Now calculate the elongation index which is the ratio of weight of particle retained on length gauge to the total weight of the sample gauged and it is expressed in percentage. The dimensional ratio at which an aggregate particle is considered too flat or too elongated can vary from specification to specification. Please briefly explain why you feel this user should be reported. 2. As an estimate, the particle length is greater than 1.8 times the mean particle size. However, practically, an aggregate sample cannot be devoid of such particles. RELEVANCE AND IMPORTANCE Understanding the essence of your metal, wood, and plastic samples is key. However, the grading requirements of aggregates to be used in the base course and sub-base course are separately defined, considering the amount of load each course has to bear. then the type of aggregate results reduction in surface area of aggregate and an increment in workability. The elongation index is found by separating the elongation particles and expressing their mess as a percentage of the mass of sample tested. First, fill the sample aggregate with one-third of the cylindrical measure in three layers. Note: Test can be conducted for each range of elongation gauge slot. Fig 1 : Shape of Elongated Aggregate Particles. Join TheConstructor to ask questions, answer questions, write articles, and connect with other people. SCOPE - This method of test lays down the procedures for determining the elongation index of coarse aggregate. Elongation at Yield is the ratio between increased length and initial length at the yield point. Brick is the most widely used construction material for walls. SAMPLE - A quantity of aggregate shall be taken sufficient to provide the minimum number of 200 pieces of any fraction to be tested. PROCEDURE A weighing balance having an accuracy in measuring of 0.1% of the weight of sample. Method of aggregate cooling using water spray ? The particles which are not passed or retained on the length gauge are weighed which is W2. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Flow table test apparatus PROCEDURE: 1. 3. Superpave mix design specifies a ratio of 5:1 and tests particles for flatness and elongation. Lost your password? What is the tolerance for compression test results of concrete, according to the standards? Test sieve size 63mm, 50mm, 37.5mm, 28mm, 20mm, 14mm, 10mm, 6.3mm 3. A beam is a flexural member that is subjected to bending on the application of load. Abrasion Test on Aggregate (Los Angeles Test) Test Procedure for Elongation Index The Following is the procedure for elongation index, Separation of Elongation Material Elongation Test Try to pass the aggregate length wise through slot of 10mm to 6.3 mm on length gauge. IS sieves of the following mesh sizes - 63mm, 50mm, 40mm, 31.5mm, 25mm, 20mm, 16mm, 12.5mm, 10mm and 6.3mm. The significance of finding the individual flakiness index is that it helps in figuring out the particle size range that is troublesome for the aggregate sample. This is why we give the ebook compilations in this website. The lab focuses on three types of eEFs; eEF1, eEF2 and eEF3 with most focus on the eEF1 which is the prototype of G- proteins. The (three) 3-point bend test is conducted on flexural members of the structure such as the beam. 1 Set the gauge length. Procedure of performing Elongation Index Test Firstly, take 1000 grams of aggregate sample and weigh it w1. Specs: Aggregates is innocuous if expansion < 0.10% at 16 days; Calculation for Elongated Particles: PRECAUTIONS: While sieving, care must be taken that the particles that are chocked in the sieve must no be forced down into the next sieve. Awarded as the best online publication by CIDC. Test sieve size 63mm, 50mm, 37.5mm, 28mm, 20mm, 14mm, 10mm, 6.3mm 3. So, to avoid the above-mentioned situation, the particles have to be tested for their elongation indices values to check their suitability for using in road constructions. To determine the Flakiness Index of the given sample of course aggregate. 2. IS 2386(Part 1):1963 Methods of Test for Aggregates of Concrete- Particle Size and Shape. Procedure 1. All Rights Reserved. (this concept is applicable when the elongation index is more than 15%). Sieve the material through 12.5mm and 10.0 mm IS sieves. The Elongated index is calculated by expressing the weight of Elongated particles as percentage of total weight of the sample. All parts of equipment should be kept clean. It is mathematically calculated as the ratio of the weight of flaky particles to the total sample weight. Please briefly explain why you feel this question should be reported. Cumulate the individual elongation indices of the groups to find the elongation index of the aggregate sample. Observation Table As the latter is applied, an increase in length and a uniform reduction in cross-sectional area take place, while the material maintains a constant volume. 4. Take sufficient quantity of aggregate to provide the minimum number of 200 pieces of any fraction to be tested. This test is carried out to determine the elongation index of aggregates. Procedure of Aggregate Impact value test.

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